No, you cannot sue your employer in Massachusetts. What you can do, however, is file a claim for Massachusetts workers compensation benefits. You do not need to show that your employer was at-fault for causing your injuries. Rather, you just need to show that you were injured at work, and you are therefore entitled to benefits. You will not go to court, but rather, the Massachusetts Industrial Accident Board is the entity that deals with these claims.
In some instances, you may make a claim for workers compensation benefits, and, you may make a tort claim with the person, or persons, who caused your injuries. Examples include a car accident while you were working, a slip and fall accident while you were working, or, any other type of accident that occurs at work, and is the fault of someone other than your employer.